Coxa vara is a deformation of the hip, through which the angle between the gap and the body of the femur is reduced to less than 120 degrees. This leads to shortening of the leg and the development of limp gait. This deformity can be congenital or can be caused by an injury, such as a fracture not properly healed. It can also occur when the bone tissue around the gap of the femur is softer than normal, causing it to bend under the weight of the body. This may be congenital or the result of a bone disorder.

The femur is the bone that forms the skeleton of the thigh, being the largest bone in the body (in adults it measures 40–50 cm). At its upper extremity, there is the femoral head that is connected to the femoral body by means of the femoral gap. The long axis of the cervix forms an angle with the axis of the femoral body, called the inclination angle or the bending angle, which measures between 120-130 degrees (130 degrees in a man and 120 degrees in a woman). The reduction of the angle of inclination between the neck and the body of the femur gives the lower limb the adduction position (moving inwards), a vicious position bearing the name of coxa vara. In the more severe forms of coxa vara, the lower limb is taken into adduction and internal rotation and the femoral neck almost horizontalizes.

1. A congenital defect, present at birth which may be visible early. In the first two years of a child's life, it becomes obvious that the limb is shortened, a slight limping occurs and the joint is not completely mobile. Untreated, up to 8 years of age the difference in length between the two lower limbs can reach up to 6-10 cm.

2. An acquired pathology, caused by rickets or other endocrinological conditions such as excess body weight.
A teenage form of coxa vara deformity can develop between the age of 12-18 years and, left untreated, can gradually progress.

Coxa Vara manifests itself after the child began to walk by himself/herself, through a slight limping. Limping is a sign of a one-sided deformation. In the case of bilateral deformity, the gait becomes slightly tethered, the lumbar lordosis increases (the belly protrudes in front) and the buttock muscles protrude backwards (they seem to be larger than normal). As a result, the person resembles a duck. Sometimes it is also associated with pain and increased fatigue after a long walk or after exercise.

Around the age of 3-4 months, an orthopedic consultation accompanied by an ultrasound of the hip is required. This makes it possible to identify the deformation in time and start the necessary treatment. Since one of the causes of coxa vara deformity is hip dysplasia, if identified in the child, it can be corrected with the help of massage and medical gymnastics in the early stages.

Physical therapy, significantly helps to recover deformity by:

➢ postures in abduction (in the turkish sitting position)
➢ through specific exercise programs, which aim especially at toning the abductor muscles (muscles located on the side of the hip and thigh) and stretching/relaxing the adductor muscles (muscles located on the internal side of the thigh)
➢ manual therapy in order to tone and loosen (increase mobility) the structures adjacent to the hip joint
➢ Kinesiotape technique
Stimulates pain reduction and rapid rehabilitation of the affected area. Kinesiotapes stimulates peripheral circulation, having the ability to maintain a pleasant and constant heat at the level of the tissues on which they are applied.
➢ Surgery is indicated only in severe cases and only the recommendation of the orthopedic physician.