VERTIGO is a symptom, a condition less understood by patients who describe it as a sensation of dizziness, a sensation that things revolve around them or that they lose their balance during walking or when turning the head. However, not any dizziness or imbalance means vertigo.

VERTIGO is the sensation that things revolve around the patient and is one of the most common symptoms that cause a patient to go to the doctor.

Vertigo can occur in several diseases, 75 % of which belong to the ENT sphere, more precisely to the inner ear, such as:

• Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo (VPPB)

• Meniere's Disease

• Vestibular Neuritis (a viral infection that affects the balance nerve in the inner ear and affects a single ear).

The ear, an organ of hearing and balance, the organ of balance being found in the inner ear, is responsible for monitoring the position and movements of the head.Always send the brain information about the position of the head and body in space, allowing balance.

When the equilibrium receptors in the inner ears (right or left) don’t act the same, vertigo may occur. It is often accompanied by other symptoms, such as: nausea, vomiting, sweating, tinnitus (sounds in the ears), unilateral hearing loss, gait disturbances, headaches.

Not all episodes of vertigo are similar in terms of intensity and duration, but they can scare the patient and in the long run, they can cause anxiety and fear of leaving the house alone.

Other causes that can lead to the appearance of vertigo are:

• Neurological disorders (migraine, imbalance in the vestibular nuclei in the brainstem)

• Ophthalmologic disorders (uncorrected refractive vices)

• Cardiovascular diseases (arrhythmias)

• Metabolic disorders (hypoglycemia)

• Psychiatric disorders (anxious or depressive episodes)

The diagnosis is established by the doctor, based on an anamnesis and a clinical examination.

The treatment of vertigo involves the treatment of the conditions in which this symptom manifests as well as the recovery treatment of the of the vestibular function (rehabilitation of the vestibular function, the purpose being the rapid recovery of the balance).

In order to recover the balance, there is an exercise program that starts immediately after the end of the vertigo crisis and is repeated 2 times/day for several months.

It should be kept in mind that the exercises that most often cause dizziness are the ones that help to recover the long-term balance.

Examples of exercises:

1. In sitting position at the edge of the bed, the head motionless, move only the open eyes left-right, up-down and diagonally, 10 times in each direction.

2. In the same position, with your hand outstretched at eye level, hold a playing card. With your gaze fixed on the card, the head moves left-right, up-down, 10 times in each direction. Also try to train the bust in this exercise.

3. Approach and move away from the nose a pencil held with outstretched hand, 10 times.

4. In a sitting position on a rotating chair, with the back straight and the soles glued to the floor - a point is fixed with the eyes and the body twists left-right, without detaching the soles from the ground.

5. While standing up – stand on the tips of the toes, initially with eyes open and then repeat after a few days with eyes closed.

6. With your hands supported on the back of a chair, balance one leg at a time, from front to back

7. Throw a ball over your head and catch

8. Move forward on a line drawn on the floor, on a distance of 5-7 meters. The same line is crossed backwards. While walking, head and eye movement exercises can be added.

9. Moving through the house, with your eyes closed, guided by a partner who will ask the patient about the objects in the house in the direction of movement

10. Exercises of throwing and catching the ball from different directions, executed with a partner.
With the observance of medication and regular exercise, daily activities can be resumed, without the need for help and without fear of leaving the house alone